This glossary is for educational purposes, to learn words about Social Science
Behaviorism
noun
The theory that human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning, without appeal to thoughts or feelings, and that psychological disorders are best treated by altering behavior patterns.
Example: Watson founded BEHAVIORISM in the spring of 1913 with his paper "Psychology as the behaviorist views it".
fr: Béhaviorisme
Childhood
noun
The period during which a person is a child.
Example: He survived CHILDHOOD ... Stumbled through his twenties and into his thirties.
fr: Enfance
Ethics
noun
Moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conducting of an activity.
Example: Socrates added questions about ETHICS, politics, and epistemology to philosophy.
fr: Éthiques
Government
noun
The governing body of a nation, state, or community.
Example: Policy and GOVERNMENT decisions will also have an important role to play in the future of China's food security.
fr: Gouvernement
Humanism
noun
An outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters.
Example: He was a supporter of the philosophical movement HUMANISM.
fr: Humanisme
Ideology
noun
A system of ideas and ideals, especially one which forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy
Example: They take on roles that express the power, the IDEOLOGY and the identity of the society' (Laurence 1996).
fr: Idéologie
Industrialization
noun
The development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale.
Example: INDUSTRIALIZATION is part of a process where people adopt easier and cheaper ways to make things.
fr: Industrialisation
Morality
noun
Principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior.
Example: Since games like the Prisoner's dilemma present an apparent conflict between MORALITY and self-interest
fr: Morale
Nation
noun
A large body of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory.
Example: Some NATIONS are people with a particular belief, such as the Vatican City
fr: Nation
Philosophy
noun
The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, especially when considered as an academic discipline.
Example: PHILOSOPHY can be divided into different groups, based on the types of questions that it asks.
fr: Philosophie
Psychiatrist
noun
A medical practitioner specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness.
Example: These roots stemmed from Bowlby's early interest in psychoanalysis during his career as a PSYCHIATRIST.
fr: Psychiatre
Psychologist
noun
An expert or specialist in psychology.
Example: Skinner is one of the greatest psychologists of all time.
fr: Psychologue
psychology
noun
the scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behavior in a given context.
Example: Indeed, the evidence we have from cognitive PSYCHOLOGY of the overwhelming predominance of the unconscious over the conscious parts of mental processes suggests that consciousness may be as peripheral to the central information processing activities of the brain as the whiteness of this paper is marginal to the semantic content of the words printed on it, which are telling you what I think about the mind. Cognitive NeuroPSYCHOLOGY and the Philosophy of Mind J.
fr: psychologie
Social Sciences
noun
The scientific study of human society and social relationships.
Example: The case study approach, although widely used in many SOCIAL SCIENCES, education and linguistics, has been criticized by some empirical researchers even to the extent that some deem it not even to be a legitimate form of research.
fr: Science Humaines
Sociology
noun
The study of the development, structure, and functioning of human society.
Example: Early thinkers who wrote about SOCIOLOGY included Karl Marx and Max Weber.
fr: Sociologie
State
noun
A nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government.
Example: Hawaii became a STATE on August 21, 1959.
fr: État
Surroundings
noun
The things and conditions around a person or thing.
Example: He explains that people learn and acquire their different tastes and preferences during their childhood through their families and their SURROUNDINGS (Bourdieu, cited in Haywood et al., 1995).
fr: Environnement
Theories
noun
An idea used to account for a situation or justify a course of action.
Example: Other writers have used different THEORIES, for example those of Piaget.
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